Migraine Without Aura
The most common type, characterized by moderate to severe headache pain, usually on one side of the head, with symptoms like nausea, light and sound sensitivity.
Migraine With Aura
Involves additional neurological symptoms, known as aura, such as visual disturbances, tingling, or speech difficulties, typically occurring before the headache phase.
Chronic Migraine
Defined by headaches on 15 or more days per month, with migraine symptoms on at least 8 days. It represents a more severe form of the condition.
Menstrual Migraine
Occurs in sync with a woman’s menstrual cycle, likely related to hormonal changes. It can happen with or without aura.
Vestibular Migraine
Leads to dizziness and balance problems, often without headache pain. It can cause sensitivity to motion, light, and sound.
Hemiplegic Migraine
A rare form causing temporary paralysis or neurological deficits on one side of the body before or during the headache.
Retinal Migraine
Another rare type, involving temporary, partial, or complete loss of vision in one eye, accompanied or followed by a headache.
Silent Migraine
Characterized by aura and other migraine symptoms but without the headache phase.
Status Migrainosus
A severe migraine that lasts for more than 72 hours.
References
- Trivedi, M., Dumkrieger, G., Chong, C. D., Dodick, D. W., & Schwedt, T. J. (2021). "Sensory Hypersensitivity Symptoms in Migraine With vs Without Aura: Results From the American Registry for Migraine Research.
- Lew C, Punnapuzha S. (2023). "Migraine Headache." In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan–.
- MacGregor, E. A. (2021). Menstrual migraine is caused by estrogen withdrawal: revisiting the evidence. The Journal of Headache and Pain, 22(1), Article 142.