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<h2>Understanding the Seasonal Changes in Arizona</h2>
<p>Arizona is well-known for its diverse climates, ranging from scorching desert heat to cooler mountainous regions. These dramatic seasonal shifts can significantly impact those who suffer from migraines. Understanding how these changes affect your health is crucial to managing symptoms effectively.</p>
<p>During the summer months, temperatures in Arizona can soar above 100°F, leading to dehydration and heat exhaustion, both of which are common migraine triggers. Conversely, cooler seasons bring shifts in barometric pressure that can also incite migraine episodes.</p>
<figure id="figure-zpsh5bi2fqm8l1sz7t"><img id="zpsh5bi2fqm8l1sz7t" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2173973000/photo/spectacular-arizona-sunset-mcdowell-sonoran-conservancy-gateway-trailhead-in-scottsdale.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=f2_45s_WOWZ0YAwPSC7BElwoN52f8U05PlJTgIhDlM0=" alt="arizona landscape" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9"></figure>

<h3>The Impact of Barometric Pressure</h3>
<p>Barometric pressure fluctuations are a significant factor in seasonal migraines. When the pressure changes rapidly, it can alter the oxygen levels in your bloodstream, potentially leading to headaches or migraines. Arizona's unique climate often experiences sudden pressure changes during monsoon season and when transitioning between seasons.</p>
<p>To mitigate these effects, it's essential to stay informed about weather forecasts and plan accordingly. Some people find relief by staying indoors during days when significant pressure changes are expected.</p>

<h2>Strategies for Managing Migraines</h2>
<p>Adopting proactive strategies can help manage migraines effectively throughout the year. Here are some key approaches:</p>
<ul>
  <li><strong>Hydration:</strong> Ensure you drink plenty of water, especially during the hot months, to prevent dehydration-related migraines.</li>
  <li><strong>Consistent Sleep Schedule:</strong> Maintaining regular sleep patterns can reduce migraine frequency.</li>
  <li><strong>Diet:</strong> Avoid foods known to trigger migraines, such as aged cheeses, alcohol, and caffeine.</li>
</ul>
<figure id="figure-alwt7jc5y4m8l1sz7t"><img id="alwt7jc5y4m8l1sz7t" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/660768852/photo/feeling-drained-from-all-her-efforts.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=k7Ahc5ONRWwFh9TbUXR-cKKQs7ox3znvDGAHP21ZPGo=" alt="migraine management" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9"></figure>

<h3>Using Technology to Your Advantage</h3>
<p>Technology can be a valuable ally in managing migraines. Numerous apps are available that track weather changes and alert you when conditions might lead to migraines. Additionally, meditation and relaxation apps can help reduce stress, a common migraine trigger.</p>
<p>You might also consider using wearable devices that monitor your physiological responses and alert you to potential migraine triggers before they escalate.</p>

<h2>Preparing for Migraines</h2>
<p>Preparation is key when it comes to dealing with migraines. Creating a migraine action plan can help you respond quickly when symptoms appear. This plan should include:</p>
<ol>
  <li>A list of medications and treatments you find effective.</li>
  <li>A quiet, dark place to rest when a migraine strikes.</li>
  <li>Contact information for healthcare providers familiar with your condition.</li>
</ol>
<figure id="figure-07asxddvmbm8l1sz7t"><img id="07asxddvmbm8l1sz7t" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2170615346/photo/teenage-girl-in-high-school-classroom-making-physics-construction-science-engineering.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=gIMWOdCTeHZotuCp9dop5vpoMBgtks_lvYQfMrGxeZs=" alt="preparation" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9"></figure>

<h3>Consulting Healthcare Professionals</h3>
<p>If migraines significantly impact your quality of life, consult with healthcare professionals who specialize in headache disorders. They can offer tailored advice and treatment plans that account for Arizona’s unique climatic challenges.</p>
<p>Regular check-ups can ensure your treatment plan remains effective and is adjusted as needed based on seasonal changes.</p>

<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>Seasonal changes in Arizona present unique challenges for migraine sufferers. However, by understanding these factors and preparing adequately, you can reduce the frequency and severity of migraine episodes. Stay informed, stay hydrated, and consult with healthcare professionals to manage your migraines effectively throughout the year.</p>

How Seasonal Changes in Arizona Affect Migraines and How to Prepare

<h2>Introduction to Migraine Support Options</h2>
<p>For those living with migraines, finding effective support and management strategies is crucial. With numerous options available, it can be challenging to identify the best fit for individual needs. Today, we delve into Migra Well's AI Coach and compare it to other popular migraine support options.</p>

<figure id="figure-h4cygw07m8grhlti"><img id="h4cygw07m8grhlti" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/949054828/photo/i-have-to-keep-away-from-focusing-on-the-pain.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=Eitlu2JxU5ljQdpesi7evXuwq0aVlq60868Gaii7j10=" alt="ai coach migraine" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9"></figure>

<h2>Exploring Migra Well's AI Coach</h2>
<p>Migra Well's AI Coach is an innovative solution designed to offer personalized migraine support. Utilizing artificial intelligence, it provides tailored advice and insights based on user data. The AI Coach learns from user interactions, providing increasingly refined recommendations over time.</p>
<p>One of the standout features of Migra Well's AI Coach is its ability to track migraine patterns and triggers. By analyzing this data, the AI Coach helps users understand potential causes and develop strategies to mitigate migraine occurrence.</p>

<h3>Benefits of Personalized AI Support</h3>
<p>The personalized nature of the AI Coach offers several advantages:</p>
<ul>
    <li><strong>Customization:</strong> Recommendations are tailored to individual needs, enhancing effectiveness.</li>
    <li><strong>Convenience:</strong> Accessible 24/7, providing immediate support when needed.</li>
    <li><strong>Data-Driven Insights:</strong> Uses real-time data to generate actionable insights.</li>
</ul>

<h2>Traditional Migraine Support Options</h2>
<p>In contrast, traditional migraine support options include medication, therapy, and lifestyle adjustments. These methods have long been the backbone of migraine management but may lack the personalization that AI can offer.</p>

<figure id="figure-o7o6tk9kam8grhlti"><img id="o7o6tk9kam8grhlti" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1321004522/photo/side-view-of-emotionally-stressed-mid-adult-woman-standing-in-the-kitchen-next-to-a-blister.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=ER5X7oORmNF4ndsKrFbFDAEHonkHxMqBukGyKD9hA9M=" alt="migraine medication" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9"></figure>

<h3>Medication and Therapy</h3>
<p>Medications, such as triptans and anti-inflammatories, are commonly prescribed to alleviate symptoms. However, they may not address the root causes of migraines and can sometimes lead to side effects. Therapy options, including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), focus on mental and emotional aspects, helping individuals cope with chronic pain.</p>

<h3>Lifestyle Adjustments</h3>
<p>Lifestyle changes, such as dietary modifications, stress management techniques, and regular exercise, are often recommended as part of a comprehensive migraine management plan. While effective for some, these strategies require a high level of commitment and consistency.</p>

<figure id="figure-ld1n0ii2vm8grhlti"><img id="ld1n0ii2vm8grhlti" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1132384476/photo/what-have-i-done.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=qRMofcsDCO5o34KJBFPXHP6GFxfB6By_qVYmJl1ffSU=" alt="lifestyle changes migraine" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9"></figure>

<h2>Comparing Effectiveness and Ease of Use</h2>
<p>When comparing Migra Well's AI Coach with traditional options, a key difference is the ease of use and accessibility. The AI Coach provides real-time support without the need for appointments or prescriptions. It can be particularly beneficial for those seeking a proactive approach to migraine management.</p>
<p>While traditional methods remain essential for many, integrating AI support can enhance overall effectiveness by offering a more holistic approach. Users can combine the insights from the AI Coach with medical advice and lifestyle changes for a well-rounded strategy.</p>

<h2>Conclusion: Choosing the Right Support</h2>
<p>The choice between Migra Well's AI Coach and other migraine support options ultimately depends on individual preferences and needs. For those seeking a modern, data-driven approach, the AI Coach offers unique benefits. However, combining AI insights with traditional methods may provide the most comprehensive support for managing migraines effectively.</p>

Comparing Migra Well's AI Coach to Other Migraine Support Options

<h2>Understanding the Challenge</h2>
<p>Arizona's hot summers can be particularly challenging for those who suffer from migraines. The intense heat and bright sunlight can trigger severe headaches, making it essential for individuals to take proactive measures. Managing migraines effectively during this season involves understanding the triggers and implementing strategies to minimize their impact.</p>

<p>One of the primary triggers is dehydration, common in hot climates. The high temperatures cause increased sweating, leading to the loss of essential fluids and electrolytes. This can exacerbate migraine symptoms, making it crucial to drink plenty of water throughout the day. Additionally, the glaring sun can be harsh on the eyes, potentially triggering migraines, especially for those sensitive to bright light.</p>

<figure id="figure-r83w2vp9im8ch5z5w"><img id="r83w2vp9im8ch5z5w" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1133928933/photo/western-sunset.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=eySkhfzBck07z6tYBE5TjZqCFRyxiOQTyJE-Gcixy8A=" alt="arizona summer" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9"></figure>

<h2>Stay Cool and Hydrated</h2>
<p>Keeping your body temperature and hydration levels in check is vital. Here are some tips to help you stay cool:</p>
<ul>
  <li><b>Drink water regularly:</b> Aim for at least eight glasses a day, and consider electrolyte-rich beverages if you're spending extended periods outside.</li>
  <li><b>Use cooling techniques:</b> Stay in air-conditioned environments during peak heat hours and use fans or cooling towels to regulate your body temperature.</li>
  <li><b>Dress appropriately:</b> Wear light-colored, loose-fitting clothing to reflect sunlight and allow your skin to breathe.</li>
</ul>

<p>Besides hydration, diet also plays a significant role in managing migraines. Foods rich in magnesium such as almonds, spinach, and avocados can help reduce the frequency of migraine attacks. Additionally, maintaining regular meal times can prevent blood sugar fluctuations that might trigger headaches.</p>

<figure id="figure-c62bnsi9bcm8ch5z5w"><img id="c62bnsi9bcm8ch5z5w" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1344304095/photo/two-girls-sitting-in-caf%C3%A9.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=I0yJX03MseEuCnd3KwrLDwtqbF4N3KPDkrgJvPPr4LE=" alt="hydration tips" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9"></figure>

<h2>Shield Yourself from the Sun</h2>
<p>Protecting yourself from direct sunlight is another crucial step in managing migraines during Arizona's summers. Here are some strategies:</p>
<ol>
  <li><b>Wear sunglasses:</b> Opt for sunglasses with polarized lenses to reduce glare and provide maximum UV protection.</li>
  <li><b>Use hats or umbrellas:</b> Wide-brimmed hats or umbrellas can shield your face and neck from direct sunlight.</li>
  <li><b>Apply sunscreen:</b> Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen to protect your skin from harmful UV rays, which can contribute to overall discomfort.</li>
</ol>

<p>Creating a routine that incorporates these protective measures can significantly reduce the likelihood of experiencing sun-induced migraines. Additionally, using blackout curtains at home can help control the amount of sunlight entering your living space, creating a more migraine-friendly environment.</p>

<figure id="figure-r6rniu5sx5m8ch5z5w"><img id="r6rniu5sx5m8ch5z5w" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/670447712/photo/ive-all-the-protection-i-need-against-the-sun.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=iF6I5Md8q37kU3C0M2L6CLi8Yr_v53SLvxUWfKDYt3E=" alt="sun protection" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9"></figure>

<h2>Manage Stress and Rest</h2>
<p>Stress is a well-known migraine trigger, and finding ways to manage it can be particularly beneficial during hot months. Engaging in relaxing activities such as yoga or meditation can help reduce stress levels. Furthermore, ensuring you get enough sleep is crucial as inadequate rest can intensify migraine symptoms.</p>

<p>If you're struggling with sleep due to the heat, consider using a fan or air conditioner at night to keep your sleeping area cool. Establishing a consistent sleep schedule can also promote better rest and potentially lessen the frequency of migraines.</p>

<figure id="figure-bg34hm2n49m8ch5z5w"><img id="bg34hm2n49m8ch5z5w" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/531113851/photo/getting-into-the-nitty-gritty.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=L8ZZ_8n6A2qNZS4ASvSgUzMTjg8xMSyX3EiSzUtLCbQ=" alt="relaxation techniques" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9"></figure>

<h2>Consult with Healthcare Professionals</h2>
<p>If you're experiencing frequent migraines, it may be worthwhile to consult with healthcare professionals for personalized advice. They might recommend specific medications or treatments tailored to your needs. Regular check-ups can help monitor your condition and adjust your management plan as necessary.</p>

<p>Migraines can be debilitating, but with the right strategies and preventive measures, you can enjoy Arizona's summer months with fewer disruptions. By staying hydrated, protecting yourself from the sun, managing stress, and consulting with professionals, you can effectively manage your migraines even in the hottest weather.</p>

Expert Tips: Managing Migraines During Arizona's Hot Summers

<h2>Understanding Migraine AI Coaches</h2>
<p>Living with migraines can be a challenging experience, often requiring a multifaceted approach to manage symptoms effectively. A migraine AI coach offers a personalized solution by leveraging artificial intelligence to assist individuals in tracking and managing their migraine episodes. These digital companions provide tailored strategies to help reduce the frequency and intensity of migraines, making them an invaluable resource for those seeking relief.</p>

<p>Migraine AI coaches utilize data from various sources, such as user inputs about symptoms and triggers, to create a customized plan for each user. By analyzing patterns and identifying potential triggers, these AI tools can provide actionable insights that empower users to make informed decisions about their health.</p>

<figure id="figure-xtmfky5trhm886uj8k"><img id="xtmfky5trhm886uj8k" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2157709105/photo/data-fabric-ai-artificial-intelligence-powered-analytics-data-data-verse-big-data-data.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=gYImeeQslIntNzWrO8iIyRALiovJOudFMtQ4GEeUQm8=" alt="ai technology" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9"></figure>

<h2>The Role of Personalization in Migraine Management</h2>
<p>One of the primary benefits of using a migraine AI coach is the level of personalization it offers. Unlike generic advice, an AI coach adapts its recommendations based on individual data, ensuring that users receive guidance that is specifically tailored to their needs. This personalized approach can lead to more effective management strategies and improved quality of life.</p>

<p>Personalization extends beyond just identifying triggers. Migraine AI coaches can suggest lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, and even relaxation techniques based on the unique patterns observed in each user's data. This holistic approach ensures that users have access to comprehensive support that's designed to address the root causes of their migraines.</p>

<h3>Tracking and Data Analysis</h3>
<p>Another significant advantage of migraine AI coaches is their ability to track episodes over time. Users can log their symptoms, medications, and other relevant information, which the AI then analyzes to identify trends and potential triggers. This data-driven approach provides valuable insights into what might be causing migraines and how they can be avoided in the future.</p>

<figure id="figure-3bz56tr72om886uj8k"><img id="3bz56tr72om886uj8k" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2157709105/photo/data-fabric-ai-artificial-intelligence-powered-analytics-data-data-verse-big-data-data.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=gYImeeQslIntNzWrO8iIyRALiovJOudFMtQ4GEeUQm8=" alt="data analysis" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9"></figure>

<h2>Real-Time Support and Recommendations</h2>
<p>Migraine AI coaches offer real-time support by sending alerts and reminders tailored to the user's schedule and needs. Whether it's a reminder to take medication or a suggestion for a quick relaxation exercise, these timely prompts can make a significant difference in managing migraines effectively.</p>

<p>Additionally, some AI coaches integrate with wearable devices to monitor physiological indicators such as heart rate and sleep patterns. This integration provides a more comprehensive picture of the user's overall health, enabling the AI to offer even more precise recommendations.</p>

<h3>Community and Connectivity</h3>
<p>Many migraine AI coaches also feature community platforms where users can connect with others who share similar experiences. This sense of community fosters support and encouragement, allowing users to share tips, successes, and challenges with peers who understand what they are going through.</p>

<figure id="figure-li39hgx6mnm886uj8k"><img id="li39hgx6mnm886uj8k" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/648817898/photo/life-is-amazing-when-you-have-the-greatest-friends-around.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=hiZYuuiIuoQAC4jr3rzTAH1SImziPqxRsgqlqQMreRc=" alt="community support" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9"></figure>

<h2>Empowerment Through Education</h2>
<p>Education is a critical component of managing migraines, and AI coaches excel in this area by providing users with resources to better understand their condition. From articles about the latest research to tips on lifestyle changes, these educational materials help users take control of their health journey.</p>

<p>Furthermore, the continuous learning capabilities of AI mean that these coaches can update their knowledge base and provide users with the most current information available. This ensures that users are always equipped with the latest tools and strategies for migraine management.</p>

<h3>Conclusion: A New Era in Migraine Management</h3>
<p>The advent of migraine AI coaches marks a significant step forward in personalized healthcare. By providing tailored support, real-time recommendations, and a wealth of educational resources, these digital assistants are transforming how individuals manage migraines. As technology continues to evolve, the potential for AI in healthcare will only grow, offering new hope and possibilities for those living with chronic conditions like migraines.</p>

The Benefits of Using a Migraine AI Coach for Personalized Support

<figure id="figure-6g5uzgfj28lzk84a9t"><img id="6g5uzgfj28lzk84a9t" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1368538346/photo/male-doctor-giving-a-speech-on-a-podium-at-a-conference.jpg?b=1&s=2048x2048&w=0&k=20&c=ddPSdSmUNstzA9MtqZhdS998vNU5hYdlh919b9lqS54=" alt="Male doctor giving a speech on a podium at a conference" title="Male doctor giving a speech on a podium at a conference" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 rounded-sm md:rounded-md lg:rounded-lg" style="aspect-ratio: 3/2; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="3:2" data-caption="" data-positionX="undefined" data-positionY="undefined" data-fullWidth="false"/></figure><p>The American Headache Society Annual Scientific Meeting in San Diego June 13-16, 2024 was, as promised, jam packed with presentations, research and over 500 posters on key aspects of headache and migraine management.<br>&nbsp;<br>In addition to a number of key updates on medications and new formulations we’ll be covering in furture blogs, there were interesting <a title="Why Don't Migraine Patients Seek Treatment?" href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/why-dont-migraine-patients-seek-treatment-2024a1000ber" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-mce-href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/why-dont-migraine-patients-seek-treatment-2024a1000ber">findings</a> on seeking care for migraine presented by Dr. Elizabeth K. Seng, PhD. &nbsp;Her team found that about 1/3 of patients with migraine were reluctant to seek medical help. &nbsp;There were many reasons for this including, most notabley, not being sure a clinician could offer them anything more than they were doing for themselves. &nbsp;The respondents also noted that most of the information they received was from friends, family and the internet making the quality and information of this information incredibly crucial.&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;<br>These finding point back to our <a title="MigraWell: A Different Approach to Migraine Education and Support" href="https://migrawell.com/blog/migrawell-migraine-support" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-mce-href="https://migrawell.com/blog/migrawell-migraine-support">first blog</a> and the Mayo Study which discussed the important needs of those with migraine when they worked with healthcare professionals. &nbsp;It also pointed to our team’s research and two poster presented at the same meeting which were featured on <a title="Significant Errors With ChatGPT for Migraine Drug Treatment" href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/significant-errors-chatgpt-migraine-drug-treatment-2024a1000bkw" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-mce-href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/significant-errors-chatgpt-migraine-drug-treatment-2024a1000bkw">Medscape’s summary of top findings at the meeting</a>.<br>&nbsp;<br>Our first poster[i] “ChatGPT for migraine patient education: Ready for prime time?” noted that ChatGPT4 performed adequately for some migraine education areas but provided sub-optimal responses and outdated responses in others important areas. &nbsp;Basically if patients are predominately relying on the internet as a source for migraine education, it may not provide the information needed to help them access evidence based treatment.&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;<br>This is what motivated us towards our second poster[ii] and to create our Migraine AI Assistant (Maia) which optimized internet responses (such as those received from ChatGPT) to provide more evidence based and personalized answers. &nbsp;This was accomplished both by having clinicians like myself in the loop to vet answers to make sure they were timely and understandable as well as having a group of patients provide feedback to confirm their benefit.&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;<br>Our research found that within a week of using Maia, patients were able to increase their knowledge and confidence in pursing treatment in 11 of 12 (91%) of core areas from medications to procedures to diet and lifestyle. &nbsp;In fact, the only areas where knowledge did not increase was symptoms of migraine which arguably those with migraine know better than anyone else.&nbsp;<br>I think one of the reasons this area was covered by the media was because the internet has become such a place for gathering medical information. &nbsp;The key here is how to harness that information with the appropriate guard-rails so that as those with migraine turn to the internet, the information they receive is able to provide the knowledge and confidence needed to optimized migraine treatment which 1/3 are not currently able to do.<br>&nbsp;<br>That is why I was pleasantly surprised that as we questioned users of Maia regarding how they would use it optimally, they mentioned that it would be great if they could print out the findings and share them with the healthcare team in treatment discussion.&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;<br>We have taken this feedback to allow Maia to collect the dialogue so it can do exactly what users have requested, to create an evidence based prompt for future interactions when planning treatment. &nbsp;In addition, we are beginning the next phase of evaluation where users of Maia, both patients can caregivers, can provide feedback on how Maia is supporting them as well as areas where it can do even more.&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;<br>We look forward to your comments. &nbsp;Dr Bonakdar</p><p>&nbsp;<br>[i] Bonakdar RA, Sweeney M, Simi J, Youngblood C. ChatGPT for migraine patient education: Ready for prime time? Poster 517. American Headache Society Annual Meeting, 2024.</p><p>&nbsp;<br>[ii] Sweeney M, Bonakdar RA. Does a migraine AI assistant (Maia) improve patient knowledge and confidence? A pilot evaluation. Poster 516.American Headache Society Annual Meeting, 2024.</p><p><br></p>

Maia Recognized at American Headache Society & Medscape

<figure id="figure-mei72vkgfhlxc8ii3a" class="selected"><img id="mei72vkgfhlxc8ii3a" src="https://cdn.durable.co/shutterstock/3SGC2jjckf5VeE6jjGkaVymzEboOgRCuDGngqzS9lx3Y5xqxdKvGQDF8LUn30JGx.jpeg" alt="Man touching an artificial intelligence concept on a touch screen with his finger" title="Man touching an artificial intelligence concept on a touch screen with his finger" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 rounded-sm md:rounded-md lg:rounded-lg" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://cdn.durable.co/shutterstock/3SGC2jjckf5VeE6jjGkaVymzEboOgRCuDGngqzS9lx3Y5xqxdKvGQDF8LUn30JGx.jpeg" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><p>In today’s blog I would like to introduce you to our research and findings on Maia, the Migraine Artificial Intelligence Assistant developed to support those living with migraine as well as those caring for them. &nbsp;<br></p><h2>My Experience with AI in Healthcare&nbsp;</h2><p>As background we have ALL heard of AI and cannot go through our day without hearing something amazing or scary about AI. &nbsp;But what about in healthcare where the information is more critical? My story with AI in migraine is likely very similar to what many patients and doctors have experienced with AI for health questions. You put a question into ChatGPT or similar and initially are amazed at the quick and snappy response you get like it is a veteran doctor. This initial phase is one where you test the depths of AI with your most difficult queries and are amazed by its ability to consolidate new and complex information.&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;<br>And then as you go deeper there is a moment when you get a strange answer or two. It may be a response &nbsp;that doesn’t match a previous one (this doctor is getting tired?). &nbsp;For me it came when I was asking ChatGpt for a reference and it gladly provided one. The problem was that paper never existed. It was completely fictitious! (the doctor needs a vacation!)</p><h3>The Problem with AI Hallucinations</h3><p>AI models like ChatGPT sometimes “hallucinate” due to the lack of guardrails. When pressured, they might guess answers to please us, which can be problematic in health decisions. There’s debate on this, with some <a data-mce-href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38182023/" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38182023/" title="Do ChatGPT and Google differ in answers to commonly asked patient questions " target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>research</strong></a> suggesting ChatGPT is a reliable resource, while <a data-mce-href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38353558/" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38353558/" title="Usefulness and Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence Chatbot Responses to Patient Questions for Neurosurgical Procedures" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>other studies</strong></a> indicate it has room for improvement, particularly in healthcare education scenarios.&nbsp;</p><h2>Creating Maia: A Better AI Solution for Migraine Support</h2><p>As someone who has treated people with migraines for over 2 decades, &nbsp;I wanted to see if my observations above were shared other headache experts and if there was a better way to leverage AI to provide accurate and compassionate migraine support. To so, we set up two experiments; one on ChatGPT and another using a more focused version of migraine support AI developed by Wellkasa, called Maia - Migraine AI Assistant.</p><h3>Real-World Testing of Maia at Scripps Clinic</h3><p>In our first experiment, we asked a group of headache experts at Scripps Clinic to rate 14 different responses to common questions about migraine therapeutics, ranging from medications to procedures, to devices and lifestyle approaches. What we found was that ChatGPT did decently well in non-pharmacological therapy advice (rated on average above a 4 out of 5). It was not perfect here, though, and in some cases called an over-the-counter device as needing a prescription, which could alter how someone proceeds with a treatment. However, when it came to medications and procedures, ChatGPT was rated much lower (on average less than a 4 out of 5). The errors in this area, which is a fast-growing area with CGRP modulators and similar, were much more pronounced. The headache experts had many comments, including that ChatGPT:</p><p>- Recommended outdated treatment options such as opioids.</p><p>- Failed to note potential side effects and risks, especially in pregnancy.</p><p>- Left out information on newer medications such as Nurtec and Qulipta, which were approved prior to ChatGPT 4.0 updates.</p><p>So, based on these observations, it became clear that AI could do better. </p><h3>Maia - A Better Gen AI Migraine Support Solution</h3><figure id="figure-jmzessnjvlxc8h99e"><img id="jmzessnjvlxc8h99e" src="https://cdn.durable.co/blocks/2caz2BV6tQbfvDaBneskTHGlHoIEignz7jiLaEOzRhIYHb4y77wUVaUK2q5vFbEF.jpg" alt="Woman talking to AI in neuro setting" title="Woman talking to AI in neuro setting" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 rounded-sm md:rounded-md lg:rounded-lg" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://cdn.durable.co/blocks/2caz2BV6tQbfvDaBneskTHGlHoIEignz7jiLaEOzRhIYHb4y77wUVaUK2q5vFbEF.jpg" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><p>Recognizing the issues with off the shelf broad Gen AI solutions like ChatGPT, I collaborated with the research team at Wellkasa to create a more focused AI Assistant for migraines called Maia. A key differentiating feature of Maia is a proprietary algorithm that scores each responses for accuracy of context validated by a clinician (myself in this case). Using this approach the team trained the AI model to more consistently provide the most accurate answer possible and avoid going over the guardrail to provide an answer that was false. For example, if Maia answered that Cefaly needed a prescription (false), she received a low score, and if she answered correctly that it didn’t, she would receive a high score. Over time, the AI model behind Maia was trained not only in simple true/false areas but also in more subtle lifestyle areas that can have many discrepancies, such as types of magnesium diets, stress management, etc. Over time, this model had responses ranked in all core migraine therapy areas, and as the responses became consistent and helpful and ready for our second experiment.</p><p>Our second study introduced Maia to about 20 patients with migraines to try out for one week. The request was simple: Ask Maia some example questions related to migraine therapy, such as “what are available preventative migraine medications” or “what is a magnesium-rich breakfast,” and then pose any questions you can think of, either in a chat on MigraWell.com or a phone conversation (1 855 SAY MAIA). What we found is that patients not only found the responses helpful and something that they would share with a friend, but<strong> </strong>within one week of talking with Maia, they significantly increased their knowledge and confidence in pursuing migraine treatment in over 90% of core migraine areas.&nbsp;</p><h3>The Impact of Migraine Education</h3><p>These findings are key because we know that education on its own can improve migraine status as well as improving the level of benefit from a medication. Unfortunately, education can be time-consuming and not always personalized. </p><p>However, with Maia, we found that migraine education can be simplified because learning about migraines becomes a very personal learning journey through simple and natural conversation. A person with migraine can "talk" to Maia in the language of their choice and discuss what they have in mind - just like they would with a friend. </p><h3>Future Directions &amp; Conclusion</h3><p>What we were also pleased with was that patients asked for features to be able to share this with their headache provider. While AI has been seen as a threat to clinicians, the more realistic likelihood is that patients want to engage their health professionals to get their opinion, especially in areas such as lifestyle that may be more nuanced. Our findings show that with proper training, Maia, a migraine chatbot, can be a valuable assistant to patients. We hope future research will confirm its benefits for clinicians as well.</p><h3>Sources</h3><p>&nbsp;1.<a data-mce-href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25159212/" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25159212/" title="Effectiveness of Therapeutic Patient Education for Adults with Migraine" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Kindelan-Calvo P et al. Effectiveness of Therapeutic Patient Education for Adults with Migraine. Pain Medicine. 2014;15(9):1619-1636.&nbsp;</a></p><p>&nbsp;2. <a data-mce-href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6704417/" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6704417/" title="Acceptability of AI-led chatbot services in healthcare" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Nadarzynski T et al. Acceptability of AI-led chatbot services in healthcare. Digital Health. 2019 Aug;5:2055207619871808.</a></p>

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